This is a great article that I found through Shutterbug about taking great photographs of couples.
There are several approaches to photographing couples. As with all portraiture, you can pose the two people for a more-formal look. Or you can shoot a more-candid portrayal that will convey the strong relationship between them. For example, just watch through your viewfinder and click the shutter when you see a special look or gesture that passes between them. Whichever approach you choose, there are several steps you can take to increase your chances of taking successful couple portraits.
Careful Planning
You can improve your results by carefully planning your family photo shoot in advance.
Tip 1: Plan Your Photo Shoot In Advance
Spontaneity is usually a good thing, but you’ve got to do some planning before shooting portraits. The best location for photography, your subject’s clothing, what camera(s) to use, and how you want to pose your subjects are all decisions you must make in advance. Instead of shooting in a studio, I chose to photograph this couple, Robert and Leslie, in our back yard, using foliage as a backdrop. I also asked them to dress casually so that their attire would fit in with the outdoors.
Originally, I asked them to come over at a time when I knew the yard would be mostly shady. But as luck would have it, the afternoon was lightly overcast, which provided soft, diffuse lighting. It’s best to use this type of illumination when working with couples because it’s tricky to light two people well with strong directional light. In most daylight situations, the fine grain of ISO 100 film (or its equivalent digital-camera setting) is great for shooting portraits. I also set my digital camera on its cloudy white-balance setting.
Tip 2: Shooting Posed Pictures
As opposed to shooting candidly where the subjects are nearly oblivious to the camera, it’s up to you to make some effort to arrange your subjects to create a dynamic composition. Having two faces right next to each other, or two people standing side-by-side at the same level, just results in a static image. If you’re shooting a head-and-shoulders portrait like I did, it’s best to have one subject’s face slightly higher than the other. For example, you could have a man stand on a step just behind the woman. In this case, I asked Leslie to stand behind Robert, who was seated, and just put her arms casually around his shoulders. She leaned over so that her face was close to his, but in a slightly higher position. One rule of thumb is to pose two people so that the mouth of one and the eyes of the other are even on an imaginary line.
Posed vs. Candid
Try shooting both candid images of your couple, as well as posed portraits with a more formal appearance.
Tip 3: Supplementary Lighting
Although the light was diffused, I attempted to bounce a little additional light on Robert and Leslie’s faces with a reflector. I used a commercial reflector with a gold cast (which my husband assisted with), but you can use white Fome-Cor board, white cardboard, or one covered with a gold or silver finish. A reflector is especially useful when you want to bounce light back into the shadow areas of your subject’s face. You may also want to experiment with fill flash for adding a little extra light. Again, however, be careful when lighting two people, as illumination on both faces should be even.
Tip 4: Candid Portraits
If you’re taking candid pictures of a couple, you’ll want to capture moments when your subjects are most involved with one another. Ideally, they should be relaxed and oblivious to the camera’s presence. The rapport between the two people can make it possible for you to photograph them at close proximity, or you can give them some space by zooming in on them with a moderate telephoto lens (I used one in the 80–105mm range). To increase your chances of capturing a special, fleeting moment, be ready with your camera. Preset your camera’s exposure (be sure to use a relatively shallow depth of field to separate your subjects from the background), and watch through the viewfinder so you won’t miss a thing. Take lots of pictures—some candids will undoubtedly turn out better than others.
Tip 5: Try Different Camera Angles
Once you shoot a variety of pictures at the couples’ level, try some different vantage points. Shoot from above or below. Position yourself on one side of the man and photograph the woman’s face looking at him. Get behind the couple and photograph the backs of their heads together. We don’t always consider all these choices when taking pictures, but give it a try. You have nothing to lose, and you may get some creative couple photographs while you’re experimenting.
One of the best tips when it comes to photographing babies is getting on their level. So many people take photographs of their kids from 4 or so feet above the child. The only thing that this does is dwarf the child and make them look toy-like. Get on your hands and knees or crouch down to their level before you take the shot. This will put you in the child’s world and help you engage with them through the photographs you take.
The principle of getting down low applies with older children also. You don’t have to do as much lying on the floor with them if they are walking age. Particularly with older children the best time to photograph them is when they are doing something that they enjoy. Go places with them and their parents that they love, whether is be the park, zoo or a bike ride. While they are doing their activity, hover around at their level and take lots of shots! Make sure you include shots of them with their parents and keep an eye open for candid moments when they fall over, do funny expressions or ham it up for the camera!
